Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)
Is an imaging method where T1-weighted MRI scans are acquired dynamically after injection of an MRI contrast agent.
DCE-MRI gives information about physiological tissue characteristics. For example, it enables analysis of blood vessels generated by a brain tumor. The contrast agent is blocked by the regular blood–brain barrier but not in the blood vessels generated by the tumor. The concentration of the contrast agent is measured as it passes from the blood vessels to the extracellular space of the tissue (it does not pass the membranes of cells) and as it goes back to the blood vessels.
- The rehabilitation period after removal of herniated discs - for the differential diagnosis of scar tissue from disease recurrence.
- A suspected benign neoplasm in the pituitary gland.
- Using DCE-MRI helps to determine the degree of activity of multiple sclerosis, as well as to assess a therapy effectiveness.
- In case of malignant and benign tumors in the brain and spinal cord.
- DCE-MRI allows to assess brain structures and spinal cord after undergoing surgery. During the test, the physician notes whether there is a recurrence of the disease in the patient.
- To detect metastases in the spinal cord and brain.
Before DCE-MRI exam, eat normally and continue to take your usual medications, unless otherwise instructed. You will typically be asked to change into a gown and to remove things that might affect the magnetic imaging:
- Jewelry
- Hairpins
- Eyeglasses
- Watches
- Wigs
- Dentures
- Hearing aids
- Underwire bras
The MRI machine looks like a long narrow tube that has both ends open. You lie down on a movable table that slides into the opening of the tube. A technologist monitors you from another room. You can talk with the person by microphone. If you have a fear of enclosed spaces (claustrophobia), you may be given a medicine to help you feel sleepy and less anxious. Most people get through the exam without difficulty.
The MRI machine creates a strong magnetic field around you, and radio waves are directed at your body. The procedure is painless. You don't feel the magnetic field or radio waves, and there are no moving parts around you.
During the MRI scan, the internal part of the magnet produces repetitive tapping, thumping and other noises. Earplugs or music may be provided to help block the noise.
In some cases, a contrast material, typically gadolinium, may be injected through an intravenous (IV) line into a vein in your hand or arm. The contrast material enhances the appearance of certain details. The contrast material used for MRIs is less likely to cause an allergic reaction than the contrast material used for CT scans.
An MRI can last anywhere from 15 minutes to more than an hour. You must hold very still because movement can blur the resulting images.
During a functional MRI, you may be asked to perform a number of small tasks — such as tapping your thumb against your fingers, rubbing a block of sandpaper or answering simple questions. This helps pinpoint the portions of your brain that control these actions.
After the test:
If you haven't been sedated, you may resume your usual activities immediately after the scan.
- Pregnancy at any stage;
- Breastfeeding.